The flight and the great fish
Partial overlapBiblical text
Jonas 1:1-17
1Now the word of the LORD came unto Jonah the son of Amittai, saying,
2Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and cry against it; for their wickedness is come up before me.
3But Jonah rose up to flee unto Tarshish from the presence of the LORD, and went down to Joppa; and he found a ship going to Tarshish: so he paid the fare thereof, and went down into it, to go with them unto Tarshish from the presence of the LORD.
4But the LORD sent out a great wind into the sea, and there was a mighty tempest in the sea, so that the ship was like to be broken.
5Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man unto his god, and cast forth the wares that were in the ship into the sea, to lighten it of them. But Jonah was gone down into the sides of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep.
6So the shipmaster came to him, and said unto him, What meanest thou, O sleeper? arise, call upon thy God, if so be that God will think upon us, that we perish not.
7And they said every one to his fellow, Come, and let us cast lots, that we may know for whose cause this evil is upon us. So they cast lots, and the lot fell upon Jonah.
8Then said they unto him, Tell us, we pray thee, for whose cause this evil is upon us; What is thine occupation? and whence comest thou? what is thy country? and of what people art thou?
9And he said unto them, I am an Hebrew; and I fear the LORD, the God of heaven, which hath made the sea and the dry land.
10Then were the men exceedingly afraid, and said unto him, Why hast thou done this? For the men knew that he fled from the presence of the LORD, because he had told them.
11Then said they unto him, What shall we do unto thee, that the sea may be calm unto us? for the sea wrought, and was tempestuous.
12And he said unto them, Take me up, and cast me forth into the sea; so shall the sea be calm unto you: for I know that for my sake this great tempest is upon you.
13Nevertheless the men rowed hard to bring it to the land; but they could not: for the sea wrought, and was tempestuous against them.
14Wherefore they cried unto the LORD, and said, We beseech thee, O LORD, we beseech thee, let us not perish for this man’s life, and lay not upon us innocent blood: for thou, O LORD, hast done as it pleased thee.
15So they took up Jonah, and cast him forth into the sea: and the sea ceased from her raging.
16Then the men feared the LORD exceedingly, and offered a sacrifice unto the LORD, and made vows.
17Now the LORD had prepared a great fish to swallow up Jonah. And Jonah was in the belly of the fish three days and three nights.
Qur'an
As-Saffat 37:139-144
وَإِنَّ يُونُسَ لَمِنَ ٱلْمُرْسَلِينَ
139And lo! Jonah verily was of those sent (to warn)
إِذْ أَبَقَ إِلَى ٱلْفُلْكِ ٱلْمَشْحُونِ
140When he fled unto the laden ship
فَسَاهَمَ فَكَانَ مِنَ ٱلْمُدْحَضِينَ
141And then drew lots and was of those rejected
فَٱلْتَقَمَهُ ٱلْحُوتُ وَهُوَ مُلِيمٌ
142And the fish swallowed him while he was blameworthy
فَلَوْلَآ أَنَّهُۥ كَانَ مِنَ ٱلْمُسَبِّحِينَ
143And had he not been one of those who glorify (Allah)
لَلَبِثَ فِى بَطْنِهِۦٓ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُونَ
144He would have tarried in its belly till the day when they are raised
In common
In both texts, a prophet flees the mission God entrusted to him, boards a ship, is identified by the crew as the cause of a storm through casting lots, and ends up thrown into the sea, where he's swallowed by a great fish. He survives inside the fish's belly and is later returned to land to carry out his mission after all.
Differences
The biblical account (Jonah 1) is more detailed about the journey itself: it names the destination Jonah wanted to avoid (Nineveh) and where he tried to flee to (Tarshish), describes the dialogue between him and the sailors, and his own request to be thrown into the sea. The Qur'an (37:139-144) condenses these events into a few verses, but adds a detail of its own: Yunus "was one of those who glorify God" even inside the fish, and it's through that supplication that he's saved, echoing Jonah's prayer inside the fish in Jonah 2 (an entire chapter of poetic lament that the Qur'an condenses into a single idea). There's also a curious echo further on: in 37:146, God makes a plant grow over Yunus (usually identified as a gourd vine) after he's cast onto land, and Jonah 4:6 has a similar plant giving him shade, except there it serves to teach him about God's compassion for Nineveh, a purpose the Qur'an doesn't repeat.
Biblical text: Book of Jonah, chapter 1; Jewish-Christian tradition.
Qur'an: Surah 37 (As-Saffat), verses 139-148; Yunus is also mentioned in 21:87-88 and gives his name to an entire surah, Surah 10.